Frequently Asked Questions

Yes. There is no nationality restriction on accessing fertility treatment in Cambodia. Entry and length of stay follow Cambodia's standard immigration rules, which patients should check before booking.

Yes. We accept single women for egg freezing and for IVF treatment. This is one of the most common reasons patients travel to us from countries where local regulation limits who may access treatment. For a complete guide, see our Single Women's Guide to IVF.

Yes. We offer IUI, ICI and IVF programmes for same-sex couples and diverse families. If both partners wish to have a biological connection with the child, ROPA reciprocal IVF (one partner provides eggs, the other carries the pregnancy) may be an option. For full details, see our Guide for Lesbian Couples & Rainbow Families.

In Malaysia, assisted reproduction is guided by national guidelines and fatwa rulings that restrict IVF to married couples using their own gametes, and do not permit donor eggs, donor sperm or surrogacy. Patients who need donor programmes, or who are single, therefore look to clinics abroad. Regulations change, so patients should confirm their own position locally.

In Singapore, surrogacy remains illegal, sex selection for non-medical reasons is not permitted, and the use of donor gametes is subject to conditions and limited supply. Single women have been able to access IVF since 2023. Patients should verify current rules with the Singapore Ministry of Health.

Ovarian stimulation through egg retrieval usually requires about 10 to 14 days on site. Where PGT is used with a frozen embryo transfer, treatment is split into two shorter trips: one for stimulation and retrieval, and a later one for transfer.

In most cases yes. Hormone panels, ultrasound, infectious disease screening and semen analysis can be done locally and sent to us electronically for review, which shortens the time you need to spend in Phnom Penh.

No. PGT identifies which embryos to prioritise for transfer; it does not improve embryo quality and it does not detect every condition. PGT-A looks at chromosome number rather than single-gene disorders. A normal result does not remove the need for prenatal screening and monitoring, and no clinic can guarantee a live birth.

Cross-border transport of embryos involves medical, logistical and regulatory requirements in both countries, and the rules change. If you may want this, raise it before starting treatment so that feasibility can be assessed in advance.

No. We have English-speaking coordinators who handle consultation, medication instruction, results and follow-up, alongside local Khmer and Chinese-speaking staff.

Contact us through WeChat, WhatsApp, LINE or Telegram with your age, any previous test results and your treatment history. A physician will carry out an initial assessment and outline options before any commitment.

Our published data (October 2026): first-cycle IVF success rate 83.2%, success rate for patients referred after failed cycles elsewhere 66.8%, blastocyst formation rate approximately 70%. PGT-A euploidy rates are primarily age-dependent, not clinic-dependent: approximately 60% under age 35, 45% at 35-37, 35% at 38-40, 15% at 41-42, and under 10% above 43 (Franasiak et al., Fertil Steril 2014, 15,169 biopsies). Individual results vary. See also PGT Pass Rates & Age.

Reference costs (October 2026): third-generation IVF single cycle approx. USD 20,000-22,500 (medical fee RMB 115,000 + medication; includes PGT for 8 embryos, 1-year embryo & sperm storage). Egg freezing approx. USD 9,000. Excess embryo PGT approx. USD 450-470/embryo. Two-year unlimited retrieval: under 38 approx. USD 24,000; 38-42 approx. USD 28,500; over 42 approx. USD 33,500 (plus medication USD 900-1,800/cycle). Costs exclude flights & accommodation. Free airport pickup and on-site accommodation available. See also Cost Reference.

The process has four stages. (1) Pre-assessment (done at home): hormone panel, AMH, ultrasound, infectious disease screening, and semen analysis are submitted electronically for review. (2) Ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval (approx. 12-15 days): starting on day 2-3 of your cycle, blood tests and ultrasound guide medication; follicle monitoring continues through day 8-10; a trigger injection is given when follicles are mature; painless egg retrieval follows 34-36 hours later (procedure takes about 15-20 minutes), with sperm collection on the same day. (3) Laboratory culture and PGT genetic testing (approx. 2-4 weeks): ICSI fertilisation, culture to blastocyst stage (day 5-6), then biopsy of 3-5 trophectoderm cells for next-generation sequencing to screen all 23 chromosome pairs. (4) Endometrial preparation and embryo transfer (stay in Phnom Penh approx. 3-5 days): lining is monitored locally until it reaches 8-12 mm; you then fly in for a frozen embryo transfer, can depart the day after transfer, and have a blood HCG pregnancy test on day 7.

Dan Ruo Hospital's total medical cost for a third-generation IVF cycle (including PGT for 8 embryos and one year of embryo and sperm storage) is approximately USD 20,000-22,500. This is roughly one-third of what a comparable cycle would cost in the United States, where similar laboratory standards apply but fees are significantly higher. In Singapore, a single IVF cycle with PGT can exceed SGD 25,000-35,000. Our costs exclude flights and accommodation, but we provide free airport pickup and on-site accommodation. For a detailed breakdown, see our Cost Reference page.

There are three options depending on your schedule. Option A – full stay (approx. 14 days): arrive before your period, complete the entire stimulation, retrieval, and (if doing a fresh transfer) implantation in Phnom Penh. Option B – split trip (approx. 5-7 days for retrieval): start injections at home, fly in around day 7-8 of your cycle for monitoring, trigger, and retrieval; return later for a frozen embryo transfer. Option C – minimal stay (2-3 days for embryo transfer): complete all stimulation and retrieval at home, then fly in just 1-2 days before the transfer appointment; depart the day after transfer. For the transfer-only trip, you only need 2-3 days in Phnom Penh.

It depends on your passport. Malaysian citizens can obtain a visa on arrival at Phnom Penh airport for USD 30, valid for 30 days. Singapore citizens also receive a visa on arrival for USD 30. Alternatively, you can apply for an e-Visa in advance at https://www.evisa.gov.kh (valid for 3 months from issue, single entry, 30-day stay). Your passport must be valid for at least 6 months beyond your travel date. Dan Ruo Hospital covers e-Visa or visa-on-arrival fees for patients and provides complimentary airport pickup.

We offer two recommended options. (1) Dan Ruo Fertility Apartment – our own serviced residence in the same compound as medical staff, with nurses available for home injection visits and post-procedure care. Units include studios, one-bedroom, and two-bedroom layouts, each with a full kitchen, appliances, and cookware. The compound has a free swimming pool, gym, grocery store, and restaurant. (2) Citadines Flatiron Phnom Penh – an international serviced-apartment brand located in the same building as the hospital, so you can take the lift straight down to your appointment. If you prefer your own hotel, we still provide complimentary car service for all medical visits.

You can absolutely come alone. Many of our patients travel solo from Malaysia and Singapore. Dan Ruo Hospital has a dedicated patient services system: complimentary airport-hotel-hospital transfers, secure on-site accommodation, and a care team (attending physician, anaesthetist, and nursing staff) who look after you throughout every appointment and procedure. Family members or partners are welcome to accompany you if they wish, but a companion is not required.

PGT-A (preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy) screens embryos for an abnormal number of chromosomes. A normal human has 23 pairs (46 chromosomes); aneuploid embryos have one too many or one too few of a particular chromosome. Most aneuploid embryos result in miscarriage, and those that lead to a live birth often have developmental abnormalities. The risk of aneuploidy rises with the patient's age, so PGT-A is especially valuable for older patients and those who have experienced repeated implantation failure. PGT-A identifies which embryos to prioritise for transfer but does not improve embryo quality or detect single-gene disorders.

Based on Franasiak et al. (2014, 15,169 blastocysts), the euploidy rate by age group is:

Age	Euploidy Rate
26-30	73-80%
31-35	60-70%
36-38	45-55%
39-41	30-40%
42	20-25%
43-44	approx. 15%

Female age is the single most important factor affecting embryo chromosomal normality. For patients over 42, there is roughly a one-in-three chance that no normal embryo is available in a given cycle, which is why we recommend starting early or considering our two-year unlimited retrieval plan.

Yes. Medical reports from recognised hospitals in Malaysia or Singapore (AMH, hormone panels, semen analysis, infectious disease screening, etc.) are accepted and are valid for 3 months from the date of issue. If reports are expired or certain tests are missing, supplementary tests can be arranged on arrival at the hospital. We recommend sending electronic copies to your Dan Ruo coordinator before your trip so the physician can review them in advance. A video consultation before travel is also available.

For the female partner: on day 2-4 of your menstrual cycle, blood tests for sex hormones (FSH, LH, E2, Prolactin, HCG), AMH, and a baseline transvaginal ultrasound. On a non-menstrual day, infectious disease screening (HIV, Hepatitis B and C, syphilis), thyroid function, liver and kidney function, and coagulation profile. For the male partner: after 3-7 days of abstinence, a semen analysis and infectious disease screening. If you already have recent reports (within 3 months), submit them electronically and the doctor will advise on any gaps.

Ovarian stimulation injections typically last 8-12 days, depending on your ovarian response and how quickly follicles develop. Some protocols allow you to start injections at home in Malaysia or Singapore and then fly to Phnom Penh around day 7-8 of your cycle for the remaining monitoring, trigger injection, and retrieval (known as a relay protocol). This requires coordination between your local doctor and the Dan Ruo team in advance.

No. Dan Ruo Hospital uses conscious sedation (intravenous sedation anaesthesia) for egg retrieval, not general anaesthesia. You are completely pain-free during the procedure, which takes about 15-20 minutes. Conscious sedation does not affect egg quality, and you will be awake and alert within 30-60 minutes afterwards with fewer side effects than general anaesthesia. A qualified anaesthetist monitors your vital signs throughout. After the procedure, mild bloating or discomfort at the puncture site may occur but typically resolves within 1-2 days. The procedure is minimally invasive, performed under ultrasound guidance through the vaginal wall, with no abdominal incisions.

AMH (anti-Mullerian hormone) reflects your ovarian reserve, or the number of eggs remaining. The normal range is approximately 2-6.8 ng/mL; a value below 1.1 ng/mL suggests diminished ovarian reserve. However, AMH reflects quantity, not quality – as long as you have eggs, there is a chance of success. Dan Ruo Hospital offers several protocols for low-AMH patients: mild stimulation, DuoStim (double stimulation in one cycle), PPOS/LPS protocols, and IVM (in vitro maturation of immature eggs). We also offer a two-year unlimited retrieval plan to help accumulate enough eggs or embryos over multiple cycles.

Yes. Dan Ruo Hospital provides egg freezing (oocyte cryopreservation) using vitrification, the international standard ultra-rapid freezing technique. Our egg thaw survival rate exceeds 98%, and embryo thaw survival exceeds 99%. Major reproductive medicine societies (ASRM, ESHRE) have confirmed that children born from frozen eggs show no increased rates of chromosomal abnormalities or birth defects compared to fresh IVF or natural conception. Egg freezing is suitable for single women who wish to preserve fertility, patients facing medical treatments that may affect reproduction, or anyone who wants to defer childbearing. We also offer a two-year unlimited retrieval plan for women with low AMH or advanced age who need multiple cycles to accumulate sufficient eggs. See also our Egg Freezing page.

Yes. Dan Ruo Hospital is registered with the Cambodian Ministry of Health and holds a licence for assisted reproduction. Key safety points: our embryology laboratory meets international standards (PGS testing laboratory is CAP-certified); from airport pickup to treatment, English-speaking coordinators support you throughout; our own fertility apartment is in the same compound as medical staff, with nurses available for home visits; Phnom Penh has a well-established expatriate community with convenient dining, shopping, and transport. The hospital also has offices in Bangkok, Hong Kong, and Bogota, reflecting a stable international operation.

Dan Ruo Hospital takes patient confidentiality seriously. Medical confidentiality – all medical records are kept strictly confidential. Private consultations – consultations and procedures take place in private rooms. Data encryption – personal information and medical data are stored with encryption. Pseudonym option – some processes allow the use of a pseudonym for added discretion. Photo protection – patient photographs are never used without written authorisation. For patients who place a high priority on privacy, a VIP channel service is available.

Yes. Dan Ruo Hospital offers free video consultations. The process is: (1) book an appointment via WhatsApp, WeChat, LINE, or Telegram; (2) send your recent medical reports to the coordinator; (3) have a video call with a Dan Ruo physician via WeChat or Zoom; (4) receive a personalised treatment plan and travel itinerary. We recommend all patients complete at least one video consultation before travelling to Cambodia.

The full-time in-house expert team at Dan Ruo Hospital: built on the Sun Yat-sen Medical heritage, crafting a top-tier China-Cambodia fertility think tank
Dan Ruo Hospital has deep roots in overseas assisted reproduction. Following the principle of full-time residency and hands-on specialist care, we have assembled a robust team of registered full-time experts:

12 registered full-time experts
The team comprises 4 senior clinical reproductive endocrinologists and 8 high-precision embryologists, all working full-time on site in Phnom Penh. Every clinical cycle is overseen by a lead physician together with an embryology supervisor, and cases are reviewed weekly in a joint clinical-laboratory conference.

Deep academic roots (Sun Yat-sen Medical lineage)
The team traces its heritage to the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University — the birthplace of China's first third-generation IVF baby — and to Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital. Several members also hold international credentials from leading fertility centres in the United States and Europe.

Leading experts and international credentials

Dean Peng Wenlin — Chief Embryologist & Founder
Nearly 30 years in assisted reproduction, with front-line management and clinical experience across mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and top US institutions.

Dr Li Jianming
High-Complexity Clinical Laboratory Director (HCLD) and CAP inspector.

Professor Zhu Wenjie — Chief Physician
Leads the reproductive clinical team together with Dr Huang Lili, Dr Dong Zhe and Master Deng Bingbing.

Senior embryology team
He Zihao, Ma Xiaoling, Dr Liu Yubing, Shi Zhe, Luo Bin and Li Xuefu — forming, with the clinical team, a full-process technical capability spanning ovarian stimulation protocols, blastocyst culture and PGT genetic screening.

Learn more on our About page.

Yes — they are the same hospital.
Dan Ruo Hospital was previously named Incita Clinic (also written Incita IVF / INCITA) in English. The English brand name has now been unified to Dan Ruo Hospital, while the Chinese name 丹若国际生殖医院 remains unchanged.

Domain and records all continue
The website domain www.incitaivf.com also stays the same, and all records, cycle histories and coordinator contacts for former Incita patients remain fully valid. This was an English brand-name upgrade only — the legal entity, the medical team (Dean Peng Wenlin and the Sun Yat-sen Medical-lineage clinical and embryology team), the Phnom Penh campus address and the operating licence are all unchanged. If you previously knew us as Incita Clinic or Incita IVF, Dan Ruo Hospital is the same institution.